Traditiones, 41-2, 2012, 137–149

Objavil stanka, dne Pon, 15/07/2013 - 12:19.

DOI: 10.3986/Traditio2012410210        (PDF )

Naslov/Title
The Finns Party and the Killing of a 12th-Century Bishop: The Heritage of a Political Myth

Avtor/Author
Pertti J. Anttonen

Izvleček
Parlamentarne volitve na Finskem spomladi 2011 so pretresle politično soglasje o udeležbi države v evropski integraciji. Populistična stranka Perussuomalaiset (Stranka Fincev) je dosegla prepričljiv uspeh in postala tretja največja parlamentarna stranka. To pomeni, da sta popularno nasprotovanje in kriticizem, usmerjena proti Evropski uniji, postala politični dejavnik, ki ga morajo druge stranke resno upoštevati. Popularnost Stranke Fincev predstavlja splošno težnjo v današnji Evropi, hkrati pa na pomenljiv način vpeljuje posebne interpretacije finske zgodovine, nacionalizma in politik identitete, pri čemer se opira na čustva, ki so vzniknila in se razvila v finskem nacionalizmu 19. stoletja. Zaradi tega je nasprotovanje Stranke Fincev evropski integraciji ne le stvar trenutne gospodarske politike, temveč tudi vprašanje kulturne in politične dediščine. Članek obravnava vlogo enega glavnih nacionalističnih mitov na Finskem, ki se sklicuje na umor legendarnega krščanskega misijonarja škofa Henrika v 12. stoletju in je pomemben za argumentacijo vrednot strankinih podpornikov.

Abstract
The parliamentary elections in Finland in the spring of 2011 shocked the political consensus over the country’s participation in the European integration. The populist party called Perussuomalaiset (the Finns Party) won a landslide victory and became the third largest party in the Parliament. This meant that the popular opposition and criticism among the electorate against the European Union has become a political factor that had to be taken seriously by the other parties. The popularity of the Finns Party represents a general trend in today’s Europe, but it also draws in significant ways on particular interpretations of Finnish history, nationalism, and identity politics, carrying along sentiments that first emerged and developed in 19th century Fennoman nationalism. For this reason, the Finns Party’s opposition to the European integration is not merely an issue of current economic politics but also a question of cultural and political heritage. The paper discusses the role that one of the key nationalist myths in Finland, concerning the killing of a legendary Christian missionary bishop in the 12th century, plays in the argumentation of the party supporters’ values.

Ključne besede
Finska, stranka Fincev (Perussuomalaiset), populistični EU-skepticizem, nacionalizem, mit, kulturna dediščina, škof Henrik, Lalli

Keywords
Finland, the Finns Party (Perussuomalaiset), populist EU-skepticism, nationalism, myth, cultural heritage, Bishop Henry, Lalli

Viri/References
Anttonen, Pertti J.
1997 Transformations of a Murder Narrative: A Case in the Politics of History and Heroization. Norveg: Journal of Norwegian Folklore 40 (2): 3–28.
1999 One Martyr, Two Pilgrimages: The Commemoration of a 12th Century Bishop as a Spiritual Movement in the Late 20th Century. In: Barna, Gabor (ed.), Religious Movements and Communities in the 19th20th Centuries. Szeged: Department of Ethnology, Jozsef Attila University, 1–16 (Reprint of Acta Ethnographica Hungarica 43, 1998).
2004 A Catholic Martyr and Protestant Heritage: A Contested Site of Religiosity and its Representation in Contemporary Finland. In: Siikala, Anna-Leena, Barbro Klein, and Stein R. Mathisen, Creating Diversities: Folklore, Religion and the Politics of Heritage. Helsinki: SKS (Studia Fennica. Folkloristica; 14), 190–221.

Arter, David
2010 The Breakthrough of Another West European Populist Radical Right Wing Party?: The Case of the True Finns. Government and Opposition: An International Journal of Comparative Politics 45 (4): 484–504. [ DOI: 10.1111/j.1477-7053.2010.01321.x].

Heikkila, Tuomas
2005 Pyhan Henrikin legenda. Helsinki: SKS (published in Swedish as Sankt Henrikslegenden. Helsingfors: Svenska litteratursallskapet i Finland, 2009 (Skrifter utgivna av Svenska litteratursallskapet i Finland; 720)).

Hiekkanen, Markus
2002 Kristinuskon tulo Suomeen. In: Lehtonen, Tuomas M.S. and Timo Joutsivuo (eds.), Suomen kulttuurihistoria 1. Taivas ja maa. Helsinki: Tammi.

Huurre, Matti
1979 9000 vuotta Suomen esihistoriaa. Helsinki: Otava.

Kuusi, Matti
1963 Keskiajan kalevalainen runous. In: Suomen Kirjallisuus I: Kirjoittamaton kirjallisuus. Helsinki: Otava & SKS, 273–397.

Kuusi, Matti, Keith Bosley and Michael Branch
1977 Finnish Folk Poetry. Epic: An Anthology in Finnish and English. Helsinki: SKS.

Lehtonen, Tuomas M.S.
forthcoming Spoken, Written and Performed in Latin and Vernacular Cultures from the Middle Ages to the Early Seventeenth Century: Ramus virens olivarum. In: Mortensen. Lars Boje and Tuomas Lehtonen (eds.), The Performance of Christian and Pagan Storyworld: Uncanonical Chapters of the History of Nordic Medieval Literature. Brepols.

Lehtonen, Tuomas M.S. and Timo Joutsivuo
2002 Suomi ja suomalaiset esihistoriasta Suureen Pohjan sotaan. In: Lehtonen, Tuomas M.S. and Timo Joutsivuo (eds.), Suomen kulttuurihistoria 1. Taivas ja maa. Helsinki: Tammi.

Piispa Henrikin surmavirsi
1999 Piispa Henrikin surmavirsi / The Ballad of the Death of Bishop Henry. Facsimile. Helsinki: SKS.

Pesonen, Pertti and Olavi Riihinen
2002 Dynamic Finland: The Political System and the Welfare State. Helsinki: SKS (Studia Fennica. Historica; 3).

Rainio, Tapio
2011 Missa EU, siella ongelma. Populaistinen Eurooppa-vastaisuus Suomessa. In: Wiberg, Matti (toim.), Populismi. Kriittinen arvio. Helsinki: Edita, 197–220.

SKVR
1918 Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot, Volume IX, 1. Hameen runot, julk. Hamalais-Osakunta. Helsinki: SKS.
1932 Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot, Volume VIII. Varsinais-Suomen runot, julk. Y.H. Toivonen. Helsinki: SKS.
1933 Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot, Volume X, 1. Satakunnan runot, julk. T. Pohjankanervo. Helsinki: SKS.

INTERNET PAGES (last checked December 3, 2012)
http://lasselaaksonen.puheenvuoro.uusisuomi.fi/
http://elinakeranen.puheenvuoro.uusisuomi.fi/93926-lallismi
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/True_Finns
http://www.iltasanomat.fi/kotimaa/art-1288408766248.html
http://yle.fi/uutiset/true_finns_name_their_party_the_finns/5410148
http://www.koylio.fi/the_yeoman_lalli.htm
http://yle.fi/vintti/yle.fi/suuretsuomalaiset/in_english/index.html
blogivirta 2011: http://blogivirta.fi/blogit/311046-klinge-moitti-perussuomalaisten-historiakuvaa-meita--on-sorrettu-historiaksi-ja-paheksui-perussuomalaisten-kiihottavan-kansaa-lalli-hengessa?show=1
Satakunnan kansa webpage: http://www.satakunnankansa.fi/Satakunta/1194700098020/artikkeli/suurin+satakuntalainen+pyhimysta+suositumpi+murhamies.html
SKVR digital database: http://dbgw.finlit.fi/skvr/.